Docker搭建部署SpringCloud微服务项目Demo
目录
环境介绍#
技术选型：SpringCloud&SpringCloud Alibaba&Docker
微服务模块划分：
员工模块：ems-employees
部门模块：ems-departments
网关模块：ems-gateway
公共模块：ems-commons
其他环境：
Mysql8.0+、nacos1.3+、JDK1.8
前置准备知识：
SpringCloud、SpringCloud alibaba、Docker、Docker-Compose、Dockerfile
数据库结构：
一个部门表和一个员工表，员工表里面有个部门ID和部门表主键相关联
数据库sql脚本
use emsSET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for department-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;CREATE TABLE `department` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(80) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门名称', `created_at` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for employee-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;CREATE TABLE `employee` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL, `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日', `salary` double(10,2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '工资', `department_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门信息', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
部署流程#
先在服务器安装Docker，然后在Docker中安装mysql、nacos镜像，并启动容器
在员工、部门等微服务模块中指定nacos注册中心地址，使服务注册进去
把springcloud微服务模块打包成jar包上传至服务器，然后通过Dockerfile构建成镜像
最后通过docker-compose构建编排项目，将这些微服务镜像打包成一整个项目并启动
环境搭建#
1.Centos7.X安装Docker
网上操作教程很多，略
2.Docker安装mysql、nacos镜像
2.1 安装mysql
1、没有指定版本一般安装的都是最新的8.0+
docker pull mysql
2、docker启动mysql，简单演示就没有创建数据卷了
docker run --name=mysql01 -it -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
3、启动成功
4、进入mysql容器
docker exec -it mysql01 /bin/bash
5、登陆mysql
mysql -u root -p
6、授权所有用户可以登录
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'WITH GRANT OPTION;
7、刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
8、使用客户端连接
2.2 安装nacos
docker pull nacos/nacos-server:1.3.0
1、运行nacos
docker run --name nacos-quick -e MODE=standalone -p 8848:8848 -d nacos/nacos-server:1.3.0
2、查看nacos运行日志
docker logs -f b1aacab47d2a
表示启动成功
3、访问成功
默认用户名登录密码都是nacos
3.搭建SpringCloud微服务模块
3.1 搭建父工程模块
父工程的必须遵循以下两点要求：
1.父工程的 packaging 标签的文本内容必须设置为 pom，如果不指定会默认打包成jar包
2.删除src目录
搭建父工程的pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ylc</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-dockerDemo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<mysql.version>8.0.23</mysql.version>
<spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring.cloud.version>
<spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build></project>3.2 搭建员工子模块
点击下一步最后完成
删除一些没用的文件HELP.md、MVNW等等，修改子项目的 pom.xml 文件的继承关系
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!-- 确认继承关系 --> <parent> <!--父工程 gropuId--> <groupId>com.ylc</groupId> <!--父工程 artifactId--> <artifactId>springcloud-dockerDemo</artifactId> <!--父工程 版本--> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <artifactId>ems-employess</artifactId> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!--web--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--nacos-service-discovery-client--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--druid mysql mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.6</version> </dependency> <!--mysql--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.23</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.2.0</version> </dependency> <!--远程调用openfegin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.10.1</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <addResources>true</addResources> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
在父工程 pom.xml 中 添加子模块标识
开启服务注册中心nacos,并开启远程调用
@EnableFeignClients@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class EmsEmploysApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EmsEmploysApplication.class, args);
}
}然后在配置文件application.properties配置nacos的参数、以及数据源配置
server.port=8085spring.application.name=DEPARTMENTSspring.cloud.nacos.server-addr=xxx:8848# datasourcespring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourcespring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverspring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://xxxx:3306/ems?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8spring.datasource.username=rootspring.datasource.password=123456# mybatismybatis.type-aliases-package=com.ylc.entitymybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:com/ylc/mapper/*.xml# loglogging.level.com.ylc=debug
在bootstrap.properties中配置nacos
spring.cloud.nacos.config.server-addr=121.43.33.150:8848spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=121.43.33.150:8848
在idea中远程连接mysql
然后利用idea中安装的插件Easycode，根据表去生成service、controller、dao、mapper相关代码
点击这个
module代表生成的模块
package：包名
path：生成的路径
最后生成成功
其中有分页部分爆红的方法，删掉就行了，只简单演示
然后记得添加相关注解@Mapper、@Service、@Repository等等
访问成功
3.3 搭建部门子模块
按照上一个模块流程搭建，pom文件也是相同的，端口改为8086
访问成功
3.4 抽取公共模块
上面两个微服务会有重复代码，抽取公共部分包含项目一些公共的类以及jar包
Department
package com.ylc;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;/**
* @author yanglingcong
* 部门类
*/public class Department implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 279210942586979318L; private Integer id; /**
* 部门名称
*/
private String name; /**
* 创建时间
*/
private Date createdAt; private Employee employee; public Employee getEmployee() { return employee;
} public void setEmployee(Employee employee) { this.employee = employee;
} public Integer getId() { return id;
} public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id;
} public String getName() { return name;
} public void setName(String name) { this.name = name;
} public Date getCreatedAt() { return createdAt;
} public void setCreatedAt(Date createdAt) { this.createdAt = createdAt;
}
}Employee
package com.ylc;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;/**
* (Employee)实体类
* @author yanglingcong
*/public class Employee implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -87055454147065054L; private String id; private String name; /**
* 生日
*/
private Date birthday; /**
* 工资
*/
private String salary; /**
* 部门信息
*/
@JsonProperty("department_id")
private Integer departmentId; private Department department; public Department getDepartment() { return department;
} public void setDepartment(Department department) { this.department = department;
} public String getId() { return id;
} public void setId(String id) { this.id = id;
} public String getName() { return name;
} public void setName(String name) { this.name = name;
} public Date getBirthday() { return birthday;
} public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday;
} public String getSalary() { return salary;
} public void setSalary(String salary) { this.salary = salary;
} public Integer getDepartmentId() { return departmentId;
} public void setDepartmentId(Integer departmentId) { this.departmentId = departmentId;
}
}pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!-- 确认继承关系 --> <parent> <!--父工程 gropuId--> <groupId>com.ylc</groupId> <!--父工程 artifactId--> <artifactId>springcloud-dockerDemo</artifactId> <!--父工程 版本--> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <artifactId>ems-employess</artifactId> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!--web--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--nacos-service-discovery-client--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--druid mysql mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.6</version> </dependency> <!--mysql--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.23</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.2.0</version> </dependency> <!--远程调用openfegin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.10.1</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <addResources>true</addResources> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
公共模块搭建很简单就两个类，然后在其他模块引用公共模块
<dependencies> <!--公共模块--> <dependency> <groupId>com.ylc</groupId> <artifactId>ems-commons</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
到此就完成了
3.5.测试
通过查询员工信息，然后远程调用部门信息
远程接口
@FeignClient("DEPARTMENTS")public interface DepartmentClient { //部门详细
@GetMapping("/department/{id}")
Department detail(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
}1、接口定义
/** * 查询员工以及部门的详细信息 * @return List<Employee> */ List<Employee> queryAll();
2、实现类
@Overridepublic List<Employee> queryAll() {
List<Employee> employees=employeeDao.queryAll();
employees.forEach(emp->{
Integer departmentid=emp.getDepartmentId(); Department detail = departmentClient.detail(departmentid);
emp.setDepartment(detail);
}); return employees;
}3、调用方法
//员工列表
@GetMapping
public List<Employee> employees() { return employeeService.queryAll();
}
3.6 搭建网关子模块
1、开启服务注册发现
@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClientpublic class GatewayApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
}
}2、网关配置
spring: cloud: gateway: routes: # 用来配置网关路由规则 - id: employee_route uri: lb://EMPLOYESS predicates: - Path=/ems/employee filters: - StripPrefix=1 - id: department_route uri: lb://DEPARTMENTS predicates: - Path=/ems/department filters: - StripPrefix=1
3、bootstrap.yml
server.port=8888spring.application.name=GATEWAYspring.cloud.nacos.server-addr=121.43.33.150:8848spring.cloud.nacos.config.server-addr=121.43.33.150:8848spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=121.43.33.150:8848spring.cloud.nacos.config.enabled=false
4、通过网关访问成功
至此整个项目流程就打通了
部署#
1.本地测试
1、打包之前每个项目都需要有springboot的打包插件，没有的话要在项目中引入
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
安装之后出现这个就可以了
2、先对父项目进行清理（clean）再打包（Package），common公共模块是没主启动类的，这时候把父项目的pom文件的该插件注释调就行了。
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
全部打包完成
3、先在本地测试jar是否成功
运行员工模块
运行部门模块
运行网关模块
都成功之后本地访问http://localhost:8888/ems/employee
到这里都没有问题说明本地测试通过了
2.编写Dockerfile
docker中需要有JDK1.8的镜像，安装JDK
docker pull openjdk:8
在idea中编写员工模块Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:8ENV APP_HOME=/appsWORKDIR $APP_HOMECOPY ./ems-employess-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar ./employess.jarEXPOSE 8086ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar"]CMD ["employess.jar"]
部门模块Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:8ENV APP_HOME=/appsWORKDIR $APP_HOMECOPY ./ems-departments-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar ./departments.jarEXPOSE 8085ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar"]CMD ["departments.jar"]
网关模块Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:8ENV APP_HOME=/appsWORKDIR $APP_HOMECOPY ./ems-gateway-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar ./gateway.jarEXPOSE 8888ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar"]CMD ["gateway.jar"]
然后在idea 中登录docker所在服务器
3.Dockerfile文件上传
然后把项目的文件上传到服务自己建的ems文件夹中
4.编写docker-compose.yml
直接利用dockerfile文件的路径打包成镜像，最后编排运行
version: "3.8"networks: ems:volumes: data:services: employee: build: context: ./employee dockerfile: Dockerfile ports: - "8085:8085" networks: - ems department: build: context: ./department dockerfile: Dockerfile ports: - "8086:8086" networks: - ems gateway: build: context: ./gateway dockerfile: Dockerfile ports: - "8888:8888" networks: - ems nacos: image: nacos/nacos-server:1.3.1 ports: - "8848:8848" environment: - "MODE=standalone" networks: - ems mysql: image: mysql ports: - "3306:3306" #只写一个端口随机使用宿主机一个端口进行容器端口映射 environment: - "MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root" - "MYSQL_DATABASE=ems" volumes: - data:/var/lib/mysql #- ./ems.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/ems.sql networks: - ems
5.项目启动
在服务器ems文件夹中输入
docker-compose up -d department
docker-compose up -d employee
docker-compose up -d gateway
报错
有个服务报错：Error: Invalid or corrupt jarfile employess.jar
检查了好几遍，重新打包上传还是这样，最后进目录查看发现jar包每次都没有上传完整
文件大小明显不对，因为打包错了里面没有主启动类，我在打包之前就删除这些，添加进来然后重新运行 mvn install即可
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
这下正常了
再次运行因为之前构建的镜像还在，即便重新上传还是运行的之前构建的，没有效果，所以的删除之前构建过的错误镜像，三个都运行成功
部署成功！
总结#
还有很多可以优化的地方，因为本节是着重演示部署流程，细节方面就没有优化了
这就是一整个部署的大概流程，但每次项目代码如果有更改，又需要手动重新生成镜像然后在服务器重新运行，还是不太方便，后续会出Jenkins+Docker自动化部署SpringCloud，实现代码提交自动进行编译打包上传并部署，简化在部署方面的操作。
项目细节难免有纰漏之处，附项目地址：https://gitee.com/yanglingcong/spring-cloud-docker
